Neurology is the medical specialty that has competence in the study of the nervous system, and of diseases of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and muscles.

They treat disorders of the nervous system (brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves), muscle disorders, and pain , especially headache. Neurologists are competent over a variety of medical disorders, including cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease, headaches, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathies, infections of the nervous system, tumors, and complications of head and spinal trauma.